China Missile Of The South China Sea - 937 Words

China deploying missiles in the South China Sea Since September 2015, China has begun to increase the arming of the islands in the South China Sea on the islands that China claims belongs to them. The claiming of the Paracel Islands and the Spratly Islands by China are creating panic for its neighbors, Vietnam, Malaysia, Taiwan, and the Philippines. Because, China is ignoring the claims the nations have on the Islands in the South China Sea. Most recently, China has made a political decision to deploy missiles on Woody Island in the South China Sea, an island that is very close to the Philippines and Taiwan. China claims that the island belongs only to China and no one else, but there are Vietnamese, Philippine, and Taiwanese claims on the islands in the South China Sea as well that China is ignoring that is creating unrest in the South China Sea. China’s claim on the islands in the South China Sea for themselves and the creation of artificial islands are very important to me because China is violating international law and the claims of other nations. As a result of this, if China was to disregard the claims that Vietnam, Taiwan, and the Philippines have on the Paracel chain islands in the South China Sea then a war might take place between China and the allies of the U.S. such as, Taiwan and the Philippines. If war was to break out between China and the allies of the U.S. it is very likely that the U.S. will send forces to assist its allies in war. Because I am eighteenShow MoreRelatedThe American Interests At Risk1591 Words   |  7 Pagespost-occupational period of Japan in 1952, United States troops and military bases throughout the Okinawa Prefecture, and parts of mainland Japan, have been essential to assure peace and stability within Japan as well as East-Asia. 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Effectiveness vs. Ineffectiveness Interpersonal...

Effectiveness vs. Ineffectiveness Interpersonal Communication Practices in Healthcare Setting Marsheka Morgan HHS 307 Jamie Kulage December 13. 2010 Outline Communication A. Definition B. Proper communication skills Effective Communication A. Definition B. Proper Skills C. How to improve effective interpersonal communication Ineffective Communication A. Definition B. Inappropriate communication skills C. Ways to help prevent ineffective communication Effective vs. Ineffective Communication A. Compare effective and ineffective skills. Conclusion Power Point 1. Effective vs. Ineffective Interpersonal Communication in Healthcare Setting 2. Communication 3. Effective Interpersonal Communication Skills 4. Ineffective Interpersonal†¦show more content†¦The two basic modes of communication are verbal and nonverbal. Verbal communication is either spoken or written. Verbal communication involves the use of words. Nonverbal communication, on the other hand, does not involve the use of words. Dress, gestures, touching, body language, face and eye behavior, and even silence are forms of nonverbal communication. Remember that even though there are two forms of communication, both the verbal and the nonverbal are inseparable in the total communication process. Conscious awareness of this fact is extremely important because their professional effectiveness is highly dependent upon successful communication (Communication, 2010). But it is also another side to communication and that is ineffective communication skills. Ineffective communication is bascially poor communication bewteen individuals. Ineffective communication can be cause from a number of things; unclear message, message overload, bad timing, speed, jargon, interruption, empathy, and language. Ineffective communication happens when providers are not in regular touch with there patients. Miscommunciation can take place which lacks the three c’s {clarity, completion, and conciseness} which also leads to ineffective communication. In such case, they tend to ignore the messages or communication of the subordinates. At times, wrong perception also hampers communication; the patients might perceive the message inShow MoreRelatedHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 Pagesof employees, while others have had to attract and retain employees with different capabilities than previously were needed. Additionally, pressures from global competitors have forced many U.S. firms to close facilities, adapt their management practices, and increase productivity and decrease labor costs in order to become more competitive. Finally, the explosive growth of information technology, particularly that linked to the Internet, has forced many changes throughout organizations of all typesRead MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 Pages978-0-471-75167-0 (pbk.) ISBN-10: 0-471-75167-7 (pbk.) 1. Project management-Case studies. I. Title. Printed in the United States of America Contents Preface xi 1 PROJECT MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGIES 1 Lakes Automotive 3 Fems Healthcare, Inc. Clark Faucet Company 2 5 7 11 IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT Kombs Engineering 13 Williams Machine Tool Company 15 Wynn Computer Equipment (WCE) 17 The Reluctant Workers 20 Hyten Corporation 22 Macon, Inc. 35 Continental Computer

Compensation and Benefits Essay Sample free essay sample

This paper explores compensation schemes within organisations including an analysis of the impact of assorted compensation methods. schemes related to organisational public presentation and benefit plans for employees. Employee compensation. which covers all signifiers of wage or wagess has become more complex in recent old ages and since compensation comprises the largest disbursal for most organisations it is of import for directors to understand how to efficaciously pull off compensation-related activities. Compensation and benefit schemes are ways that organisations can utilize wage and benefits to acknowledge and honor employees’ parts to company’s success. There is a broad assortment of wage patterns in usage by employers today. Some of the most common patterns include the usage of benefits. compensation doctrines. and binding public presentation to compensation wagess. Organizations continue to happen the best solutions to actuate their work forces and acquire th e greatest return on their investings. The findings below high spot consistences in some of the most common compensation plans and patterns and how they vary from one another. We will write a custom essay sample on Compensation and Benefits Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Human resources directors strive to follow schemes to enable them to pull off work forces efficaciously as the economic system and engineering faces rapid alterations. These directors. similar to their opposite numbers in selling. finance. and production. develop human resources that require specifying the work force public presentation ends needed to back up the organization’s concern scheme. Deductions of these ends including naming the organization’s internal and external environment. nailing human resources strengths and failings relative to these ends. planing the mix of human resources policies and plans that exploit strengths and downplays or corrects failings and purpose to determine a work force focused on strategic public presentation ends capable of accomplishing them ( Milkovich A ; Broderick. 1989 ) . Compensation and benefit schemes are tools that organisations use to pay and supply benefits in acknowledgment and wages employees for their parts toward the organization’s success ( Noe. Hollenbeck. Gerhart. A ; Wright. 2004 ) . Some illustrations include holiday leave disposal. net income sharing. stock programs. incentive wage. pay and salary disposal. insurance and retirement programs. To derive a better apprehension of these plans and how they affect organisations. it is necessary to take a closer expression at compensation methods and benefit plans. There are two basic constituents to any compensation and benefits bundle. The first is how much a individual will acquire paid for services rendered and the 2nd is what type of wages are given to the employee from the organisation. Wagess is how much money an employee will do either weekly or bi hebdomadal. The sum that is given to an employee is usually based on the accomplishments required to execute the occupation every bit good as any grades held or specialised preparation required. Benefits are incentives organisations provide to employees that usually include wellness and health bundles. nest eggs plans and work balance. Compensation includes:* Direct fiscal compensation dwelling of wage received in the signifier of rewards. wages. fillips and committees provided at regular and consistent intervals * Indirect fiscal compensation including all fiscal wagess that are non included in direct compensation and understood to organize portion of the societal contract between the employer and employee such as benefits. foliages. retirement programs. instruction. and employee services * Non-financial compensation mentioning to subjects such as calling development and promotion chances. chances for acknowledgment. every bit good as work environment and conditions LITERATURE REVIEWCompanies on a regular basis use multiple types of pay-for-performance programs to actuate and prolong high public presentation degrees. Although research by and large confirms that pay-for-performance programs can act upon greater results. it is ill-defined how effectual different wage programs are comparative to each other ( Park. 2012 ) . Like most things in concern. compensation is something that requires rating. survey. appraisal. scheme. mold and integrating. Achieving a wage for public presentation civilization does non go on without paying attending to the behaviours. activities. wagess and motives that have to be linked and reinforced through a good engineered and successfully executed procedure. Actually if that procedure does non bind wagess to stockholder fiscal aims. use the proper mix of compensation elements. consequence in meaningful dollars. embracing public presentation that employees can impact and are efficaciously communicated and reinforced. so the consequences it produces will probably fall short ( Vision Link Advisory Group. 2013 ) . A strategic program for employee compensation determines how much you want to pay employees and what type of employees you want to pull. Your compensation program entails a assortment of facets including wage graduated tables. wages plans. benefits bundles and company fringe benefits. A successful strategic compensation program allows your concern to vie in the market for the best employees in your industry ( Lister. 2013 ) . A company has many options refering compensation methods. Compensation programs make it difficult to gain a good income without holding to invariably enroll new endowment. Even after accomplishing a degree of success with these programs most will happen it hard to gain a inactive income. Likewise. human resource direction within the company needs to set up a program that will assist solidify employee trueness to their company by offering a more competitory compensation and benefits bundle. Compensation. stand foring both intrinsic and extrinsic wagess. represents a peculiar challenge because bundles must be highly competitory and should supply equal inducements to actuate employees to make their best. Top direction and human resources have to make up ones mind what are the ends of the compensation strategies in an organisation. These ends should be aligned with the corporate civilization and the general long-run outlooks of the employees. Each organisation pays wages. but the function of the compensation has to be balanced with the other facets of the overall motive strategy applied in the organisation. The organisation must take to either wage higher wages and offer less development and calling chances or offer lower wages and better calling chances to maintain the motive system balanced. When the organisation defines its basic compensation ends. it can go on with structuring the chief compensation determinations formulated in the compensation scheme. The compensation scheme has to put the chief compensation ends of the organisation and they have to be kept as the chief mark for human resources to be achieved. The compensation ends have to be set in conformity with the concern scheme and seeable in the HR Strategy. A compensation scheme that is aligned with an organisation scheme helps guarantee that directors can pull and retain staff that is extremely qualified. Planing such a scheme is itself a complex procedure with legion determination points and multiple variables to see. An first-class compensation program must hold a well-designed bundle that motivates employees. control compensation costs and ensures equity. Along with their compensation program. a benefits plan should besides be portion of an employer’s compensation scheme. When set uping a compensation program. a few things should be the norm: Easy to Read: A good compensation program should be easy to read and understand. As a general regulation. the more compli cated a compensation program is. the harder it is to explicate. â€Å"If chances can see that the compensation program is easy to understand and explicate. they will experience more confident in their ability to fall in the organization† . ( Rocavert. 2008 ) Proven Track Record: Having a good path record normally identifies a company that has a good concern theoretical account and has a just opportunity of being in good fiscal place. Evenly Weighted: The best compensation program should non be excessively leaden towards subscribing new associates. In some instances these types of wage programs border on pyramid strategies and be given to be rather expensive. Compensation doctrine is developed to steer the design and complexness of compensation plans. This is done by placing ends and aims. sing fight in pulling and retaining employees. stressing on internal or external equity. and mensurating whether public presentation is tied to pay additions. Understanding the necessary balance to accomplish between direct and indirect fiscal compensation is critical in developing the overall entire compensation attack ( HR Council. 2013 ) . Developing a compensation doctrine that is antiphonal to the company’s unique concern scheme and endowmen t demands heightens the likeliness that the executive compensation plan will direct the right messages about company precedences. assistance in retaining the right endowment and contribute to a strong wage or public presentation relationship. In pattern. a company’s compensation doctrine allows direction and the board to do determinations within a reciprocally agreed-upon model. instead than confront each wage determination as if for the first clip. The rules provide a yardstick for retrospective rating and a model to steer the future way of plan design and disposal ( Sibson. 2013 ) . Employee benefits typically refer to retirement programs. wellness life insurance. life insurance. disablement insurance. holiday and employee stock ownership programs. Benefits are progressively expensive for concerns to supply to employees ; therefore the scope and options of benefits are altering quickly to include flexible benefit programs ( Free Management Library. 2013 ) . Benefits are signifiers of value other than payment. that are provided to the employee in return for their part to the organisation for making their occupation. Some benefits. such as unemployment and worker’s compensation. are federally required. Outstanding illustrations of benefits are insurance ( medical. life. dental. disablement. unemployment and worker’s compensation ) . holiday wage. holiday wage. and pregnancy leave. part to retirement ( pension wage ) . net income sharing. stock options. and fillips. Benefits are normally divided into two classs: touchable or intangible. The benefits listed antecedently are touchable benefits. Intangible benefits are less direct. In illustration. grasp from a foreman. likeliness for publicity or nice office. Peoples sometimes speak of periphery benefits. normally mentioning to touchable benefits. but sometimes intending both sorts of benefits. While the company normally pays for most types of benefits. some benefits. such as m edical insurance are frequently paid in portion by employees because of the high costs of medical insurance. Discussion In my experience. skill based wage may present hazards when an employer pays higher compensation that is non offset by the organisations productiveness. Employees may besides go world-weary and lose involvement unless there is chance to keep acquired accomplishments. More significantly. when employees hit the top of the wage construction. they may go defeated and leave the company merely because there is no chance for promotion and a salary addition becomes improbable. As a on the job professional. I am cognizant that employee benefits. though a portion of entire compensation. embracings non pecuniary signifier of compensation runing from wellness attention programs. pension or retirement programs. societal security. insurance. household and medical leave ( Bernadin. 2007 ) . rupture wage. payments for clip non worked ( holidaies. sabbatical. vacations ) . workers compensation when hurts occur on the occupation ( Cascio. 2003 ) . foreign service premiums. kid attention and even tuiti on reimbursement. A practicing director must be cognizant of and understand the assorted components that are considered to be critical to occupation satisfaction. It normally includes: wage. publicity. benefits. supervisor. colleagues. work conditions. communicating. safety. productiveness. and the work itself. Despite the old elements. occupation satisfaction is often measured by organisations through the usage of evaluation graduated tables where employees report their reactions to their occupations ( Judge. T. A. . Thoresen. C. J. . Bono. J. E. . A ; Patton. G. K. 2001 ) . Furthermore. most directors could utilize the information covered in this paper to derive an overall apprehension that a occupation design aims to heighten occupation satisfaction and public presentation. Both of which could be achieved via occupation rotary motion. occupation expansion and occupation enrichment. Other influences on occupation satisfaction include the direction manner. civilization and employee engagement. Understanding such constructs may turn out good to direction staff in that each factor discussed figures into an individual’s occupation satisf action. Though. one might believe that wage is considered to be the most of import constituent in occupation satisfaction. this has non been found to be true. Employees are more concerned with working in an environment they enjoy. This is a arrow to the fact that compensation and benefit issues are non to be taken for granted by employers because non merely pay but besides fringe benefits influences the sort of employees who are attracted. Decision In decision. compensation is the country of human resources direction which involves doing determinations about wage that are just. just and competitory with current market rates. It provides employees with inducements to better public presentation ; guarantee that benefits bundles are cost effectual and serve to actuate employees. and do certain that all compensation-related policies and plans comply with authorities demands. Compensation encompasses all signifiers of fiscal returns. touchable services and benefits received by employees as portion of their employment. Without a compensation doctrine. leaders frequently find themselves unsure of what to offer as a starting wage for a new employee. Meaning. it may take to offering excessively high a entire compensation bundle for a new employee in relation to bing employees. or being unable to successfully engage because the entire compensation offer is excessively low to be competitory. Whether developing a compensation bundle for ne w or existing place. it is of import for human resources directors to see their organization’s size and complexness. its financial capacity and the market rates for occupations necessitating similar accomplishments. Mentions Bernadin. H. J. ( 2007 ) . Human resource direction: An exponential attack. 4th erectile dysfunction.NewYork: McGraw-Hill Irwin. P. 253-277.Cascio. W. F. ( 2003 ) . Pull offing human resources: Productivity. Quality of work. life.net incomes. 6th erectile dysfunction. New York: McGraw Hill Higher Education.Compensation: Outline and Definitions. † HR Guide to the Internet. 2000. Dec. 2007 World Wide Web. hr-guide. com/data/G400. htm Employee Benefits and Compensation( Employee Pay ) . † Employee Benefits and Compensation ( Employee Pay ) . N. p. . n. d. Web. 03 Feb. 2013. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //managementhelp. org/payandbenefits/index. htm â€Å"Essentials of Pay for Performance. † Necessities of Pay for Performance. VisionLink Advisory Group. n. d. Web. 05 Feb. 2013. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. vladvisors. com/compensation-information/Essentials-of Pay- for-Performance-article. aspx Judge. T. A. . Thoresen. C. J. . Bono. J. E. . A ; Patton. G. K. ( 2001 ) . The occupation satisfaction-job public presentation relationship: A qualitative and quantitative reappraisal. Psychological Bulletin. 127 ( 3 ) : 376-407. Lister. J. â€Å"Strategic Plan for Employee Compensation and Benefits. † Small Business. Houston Chronicle. n. d. Web. 08 Feb. 2013. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //smallbusiness. chron. com/strategic-plan-employee-compensation-benefits- 15613. hypertext markup language Milkovich. G. T. . A ; Broderick. R. F. ( 1989 ) . Developing a compensation scheme ( CAHRS Working Paper # 89-19 ) . Ithaca. New york: Cornell University. School of Industrial and Labor Relations. Center for Advanced Human Resource Studies. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //digitalcommons. ilr. Cornell. edu/cahrswp/417 Noe. R. A. . Hollenbeck. J. R. . Gerhart. B. . A ; Wright. P. M. ( 2004 ) . Human resource direction. Boston: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Parker. S. â€Å"Refocusing Performance Management for High Performance. † Refocusing Performance Management for High Performance. Sage Journals. n. d. Web. 08 Feb. 2013. Rocavert. Troy ( 2008. June 14 ) . The Easy Home Based Business Myth. Retrieved on February 08. 2013. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. isnare. com/ ? aid=205171 A ; ca=Business Sibson: â€Å"Developing a Compensation Doctrine That Goes Beyond Mom and Apple Pie. † Sibson Consulting. 01 Aug. 2005. Web. 08 Feb. 2013.

The Fifth Elephant Review Essay Example

The Fifth Elephant Review Paper Essay on The Fifth Elephant Well, kids, to tell you the story of the multi-ton celestial slonyatine, obrushevsheysya once on the Discworld, Ubervaldskih about vampires and werewolves, and maybe sing a couple songs dwarf? Its not hard to sing along: Gold-Gold-Gold-Gold-Gold Well, what can we say about the next novel by Terry Pratchett? What is the next true pratchettovsky novel. He, once again, very good. In general, then, Pratchett dwarf. The dwarf, who once came upon a gold-bearing vein and long and hard to develop it. You might reproach the immutability style Terry? To this we can only say one thing, gold -. Always in price, and no one blames the immutability But, as difficult to say anything special about Pratchett novel, if it is another for you. Now, if this is your first exposure you will definitely enthusiastically recount to friends and advise this author The Fifth Elephant. tells the story again bustling Discworld and its heroes. Cycle arrest about my favorite, so it was especially nice to meet with the commander of the city guard Sir Sam Vimes. Vetot times Patrician city of Ankh-Morpork sends Vimes sakvoyazhnoydiplomaticheskoy mission à ¼berwald agree on the trade relations between states, and at the same time to reveal the plot. As Vimes likes to say Where is the guard, there is a crime. And the crimes begin almost from the first pages of the novel. We will write a custom essay sample on The Fifth Elephant Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Fifth Elephant Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Fifth Elephant Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In general, all the same, as was the case in previous books. Super Hero Vimes, hiding under the kettle is not the most joyful thoughts about the world order, gang-watering guards, trolls, gnomes, a lot of humor, a lot of fantasy and no fantasy at the same time, witty aphorisms and easy language. Well as you can, I want to cry ?! After all, there must be bored? And do not get bored. And every new novel to read with as much pleasure than the previous twenty. P.S. The only striking difference from previous books, it seemed to me, lowering degrees moralizing digressions, veiled in the form of sparkling satirical aphorisms. Once even had a little uncomfortable without them =)

The History and Evolution of Suburbs

The History and Evolution of Suburbs Suburbs are generally spread out over greater distances than other types of living environments. For instance, people may live in the suburb in order to avoid the density and untidiness of the city. Since people have to get around these vast stretches of land automobiles are common sights in suburbs. Transportation (including, to a limited extent, trains and buses) plays an important role in the life of a suburban resident who generally commutes to work. People also like to decide for themselves how to live and what rules to live by. Suburbs offer them this independence. Local governance is common here in the form of community councils, forums, and elected officials. A good example of this is a Home Owners Association, a group common to many suburban neighborhoods that determines specific rules for the type, appearance, and size of homes in a community. People living in the same suburb usually share similar backgrounds with regard to race, socioeconomic status, and age. Often, the houses that make up the area are similar in appearance, size, and blueprint, a layout design referred to as tract housing, or cookie-cutter housing. History of Suburbs Suburbs are not a modern concept, as this 539 BCE clay tablet letter from an early suburbanite to the king of Persia makes clear: Our property seems to me the most beautiful in the world. It is so close to Babylon that we enjoy all the advantages of the city, and yet when we come home we stay away from all the noise and dust. Other early examples of suburbs include areas created for lower class citizens outside of Rome, Italy during the 1920s, streetcar suburbs in Montreal, Canada created during the late 1800s, and the picturesque Llewellyn Park, New Jersey, created in 1853. Henry Ford was a big reason why suburbs caught on the way they did. His innovative ideas for making cars cut manufacturing costs, reducing the retail price for customers. Now that an average family could afford a car, more people could go to and from home and work everyday. Additionally, the development of the Interstate Highway System further encouraged suburban growth. The government was another player that encouraged movement out of the city. Federal legislation made it cheaper for someone to construct a new home outside of the city than to improve upon a preexisting structure in the city. Loans and subsidies were also provided to those willing to move to new planned suburbs (usually wealthier white families). In 1934 the United States Congress created the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), an organization intended to provide programs to insure mortgages. Poverty struck everyones life during the Great Depression (beginning in 1929) and organizations like the FHA helped to ease the burden and stimulate growth. Rapid growth of suburbia characterized the post-World War II era for three chief reasons: The economic boom following World War IIThe need for housing returning veterans and baby boomers relatively cheaplyWhites fleeing the desegregation of urban cities brought on by the civil rights movement (the White Flight) Some of the first and most famous suburbs in the post-war era were the Levittown developments in the Megalopolis. Current Trends In other parts of the world suburbs do not resemble the affluence of their American counterparts. Due to extreme poverty, crime, and lack of infrastructure suburbs in developing parts of the world are characterized by higher density and lower standards of living. One issue arising from suburban growth is the disorganized, reckless manner in which neighborhoods are built, called sprawl. Because of the desire for larger plots of land and the rural feel of the countryside, new developments are infringing upon more and more of the natural, uninhabited land. The unprecedented growth of population in the past century will continue to fuel the expansion of suburbs in the coming years.

Long Run Equilibrium Essay Example

Long Run Equilibrium Essay Example Long Run Equilibrium Essay Long Run Equilibrium Essay In the long run, a firm in the perfectly competitive market can earn only normal profit. So, the profit maximization under long run is: (1)Necessary condition P=LMR=LAR=LMC=LAC (2)Sufficient condition Slope of MC gt; Slope of MR We can establish this condition from the following analysis. In the above diagram for any market price OP1 the existing firms can earn supernormal profit as for the equilibrium output level OQ1. The average cost of production . i. e. , OQ1 lt; OP1.This supernormal profit attracts new entries in this market and as a result the market supply curve shifts towards right to SM3SM3 and the market price falls to the level OP0. When the market price falls to OP0 which is less than the average cost of this firm; for this equilibrium output level OQ0 then the existing firm incur losses. As a result some firms immediately leave the market and the market supply curve shifts towards left. This process continues and ultimately the existing firm reaches the supply curve SM2SM2.For which the market equilibrium price is OPE is just equal to the average cost of production of the equilibrium output level OQE , so here the existing firms are earning only normal profit . so, here neither new entries are attracted into the market nor any of the existing firm shows tendency to leave. So, this is the equilibrium condition where firms are earning only normal profit i. e. , just covering the average cost of production. So here we can see the necessary condition includes this minimum condition * Necessary condition =P=LMR=LAR=LMC=LAC * And sufficient condition =Slope of MC gt; Slope of MR.

Assignment 7 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Assignment 7 - Essay Example f psychotic disorders characterized by effective distortions of reality; emotional and mental disorganization, as well as the withdrawal of individuals from social interaction. Some theories while trying to explain schizophrenia, give primacy to biologically related factors like biomechanical imbalance. Other theories tend to emphasize on the dynamism of the family, for example, the way one expresses hostility to the ill individual. Depressive disorder entails signs of â€Å"intense sadness, feelings of futility and worthlessness, and withdrawal from others† (Sue, Sue, and Sue, 1990, p. 325). Characteristics of depression are often physically manifested in change in appetite, sleep, and motivations like boredom and apathy. Cross-cultural studies reveal that there are variations in the way cultures define and communicate symptomatology of depression. Some cultures use fewer words in conveying emotions like anger and sadness. Somatization entails the use of bodily complaints as a means of expressing psychological distress. Certain studies have proposed that certain groups, like Hispanics and Japanese somaticize comparatively more than Americans and Europeans. Some of the complaints include intestinal problems and low back pain. Therefore, the carried out research suggests that, even if previously regarded a phenomenon of culture-specific could be universal embedding meanings of culture-specific as well as expression modes. Culture-bound syndromes present the strongest relevance regarding cultural relativism in comprehending and addressing abnormality. Historically, the literature can be put into view points, with the first view proposes that psychopathology and culture are intertwined, and that one has to constrain him/herself within a given framework of culture. This approach is referred to as cultural relativism. The other view, which contrasts the first one hold proposes that even if culture plays a responsibility while determining the actual behavior, the

Transporting Changes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Transporting Changes - Essay Example One of the primary ways in which these changes were brought about was through changes in the city’s modes of transport, from the old days of walking, bicycling, trams and els, to the new mode of individual vehicular traffic and high-speed underground trains. In constructing the necessary amenities for these sorts of changes, it was necessary to break some of the old ways of doing things, either through the destruction of previously apportioned space or through novel approaches to cutting through traffic. Before one can understand how current conceptions of New York were shaped by these changing forms of transport, it is necessary to understand what is meant by the concept of place and then to observe how this concept shifted and changed with each new introduction to the city’s landscape. In his article â€Å"Defining Places† (2004), Tim Cresswell presents a general examination of how the term ‘place’ might be defined in a variety of different context s. Foremost among these is the idea that the term ‘place’ doesn’t simply refer to a specific location but is instead used to refer to a variety of ideas and concepts that are tied up in our conception of place.

Reasons for Re Launching Electric Car †Reva Essay Example for Free

Reasons for Re Launching Electric Car – Reva Essay Introduction : The Reva Electric Car Company (RECC) was founded in 1994 by Chetan Maini, as a joint venture between the Maini Group of Bangalore and Amerigon Electric Vehicle Technologies (AEVT Inc. ) of the USA. The companys sole aim was to develop and produce an affordable compact electric car. Several other automakers were also aiming to do so, but in 2001 RECC launched the REVA Reva, started off with a bang : The first electric car in India and the people behind the car were confident of the success of the car. Plans were set and the forecasting team estimated that 1500 cars would be sold by the end of the first year. Three years after its launch, Reva barely managed to sell a total of 300 cars. Reva was subsequently pulled off Indian markets. On May 26th 2010, Mahindra Group bought a 55. 2% majority stake in Reva and now has plans of relaunching the car in Indian markets. This article explores reasons for the failure of Reva and what should be Mahindra Reva’s Strategy for achieving success in the Indian market. * Reva was positioned as a â€Å"Green, low operating cost car†. The marketing strategy when Reva was first launched mainly concentrated on the car being green and the first of its type in the electric car segment. But this was not enough to create ripples amongst the consumers. * With a small size, easy to drive (no clutch or gear) and slow speed, Reva was targeted at small families, old couples and female drivers. While Reva had a beneficial cost proposition of only Rs. 0. 40 paise per km travelled, it was not a cheap car. Priced at around Rs. 3. 75 lakhs, people would have preferred to purchase a Maruti Zen or an Alto which are within the same price range. The major problem with Reva was that it was perceived to be a low cost car, but it was actually not. Also it was not a car that the rich wanted to buy, as it looked below their league. In one word, Reva, was a total misfit. * Aesthetically, Reva did not appeal to the youth. It was not fast, did not have a high range, had high maintenance problems (100 % charging needed 8 hours) and was not meant for long drives. The small car space and the design made it look like a rather uncomfortable car. People do advocate being green but they are not willing to sacrifice their comfort for it. * The marketing campaign for Reva also was not an aggressive one. The car made news for itself for being the first electric car in the Indian market but no marketing effort was made to create ripples in the customers. The buzz through promotions and advertisements was very low. There was no excitement and curiosity created in the minds of the consumers before the product launch. A research done by me amongst 50 female drivers, 35 elderly people (50+ age) and 20 couples has helped me come up with the following customer value hierarchy for a Car: 1. Core benefit: Takes you from one place to another without an inconvenience. 2. Basic product: Easy to drive, comfortable seats and leg room, high mileage. 3. Expected Product: Safety, does not break down, easy to repair. 4. Augmented Product: Speed, smooth on road, Stylish. 5. Potential Product: Environment friendly. As seen the points bolded in red font are the ones that Reva clearly misses. Not being able to satisfy the core, basic and expected product benefits has been a major miss in the marketing strategy of Reva. If Reva has to be successful it has to first cater to these customer benefits, satisfy them and then only will being environment friendly be a product differentiator. Reva had expected to sell around 1500 cars in its first year itself. After 3 years, Reva managed to sell only about350 odd cars. This is a definite failure in the first innings of Reva. However the fact that it is the only one in the electric car market, a proper marketing strategy can help it become a success. Reva’s Second Innings: A Re-launch Strategy It is not like Green cars are boring and cannot be successful. Take the example of Roadster Tesla an electric car which is the coolest and one of the most aspired cars in the automobile market. So surely there is no reason for Reva to fail if it is marketed in the right way. If the car is able to satisfy the core, basic and expected benefits of its target audience then we have a winner on our hands. In today’s, Global warming era. Being green is in fact the in thing. But just Green Cannot Sell. Reva should market itself on its other facets as well. Consider the slogan below for marketing Reva: Reva: â€Å"Easy to drive, Stylish, Comfortable Car †¦ By the way, we are also Green† The easy to drive attribute is already present in Reva. Reva needs to do slight alterations in its design to make it look more stylish, ergonomically designed for seating and safety needs. As given in the figure above, Reva should look at targeting the growing female car owners. Also it should target the young and old couples, who find the cuteness factor in the car, exciting enough to purchase it. Reva should be promoted as a â€Å"Fun† car to hang out with. Promotions The Reva advertisements should not hire any stars to advertise it. Instead it should look at taking the common office going man, the girl next door, the college couple to brand it. This will ensure that its target audience connect to the advertisement and Reva to a greater extent. The greenness in Reva can be subtly highlighted in the advertisements. The promotion ideas for both print and television advertisements are: 1. The office goer: How because of heavy traffic he used to reach late to office and get reprimanded by his boss. How now Reva has made him reach office in time and get promotions. Catch line: â€Å"Traffic problems. No Problem. Reva is here† 2. The girl next door: How Reva has made her independent. Highlight the ease and comfort of driving the car in the advertisement. Catch line: â€Å"Get Independent. Do The Reva† 3. The lovebirds: A part by part ad series in which an old couple get nostalgic on how they started their love story in a Reva and their memories associated with the Reva car. Highlight the comfort of the Reva car. Catch line: â€Å"Reva getting you closer† Social media promotions – Low cost and high effect. 1. Social gaming applications in which users play a car racing game and get green credits for using the Reva Car. This will help spread the Reva brand virally. 2. Get expert reviews on the Reva car and publish them on the Reva Blog. 3. Have a contest in which users can upload their Reva moment on YouTube. Also upload YouTube videos to show how Reva makes a greener world. 4. Have, â€Å"The Spacious Reva Contest†: Customers try to fit in as many of their friends in a Reva car and upload a picture of it on Facebook. The one with maximum likes would win the contest. 5. Listen to what your customers are saying about Reva, how are they feeling about Reva? Have you managed to create the right buzz? Social media would tell you instantly and help you to do any kind of damage control if necessary. The social media is a good measure on how well your marketing strategy has worked. In conclusion , Reva has already in its â€Å"First Innings†, highlighted its attribute of being a Green Car. The â€Å"Second Innings† strategy that has been mentioned will market Reva as an easy to drive, safe, stylish and comfortable car. Thus satisfying the core, basic and expected needs of its customers which will help the Reva car become a success story. While the Mahindra brand name and its distribution network and capabilities in the Indian market should definitely benefit Reva, in having a successful second innings. The strategy outlined above should help Reva preventing burns and scars the second time round.

Gradient Functions :: Papers

Gradient Functions In the following coursework, will investigate the gradient functions using the formula y=ax^n, where a is a constant and n is a number. a n Y=ax^n 1 1 x 2 1 2x 3 1 3x 4 1 4x 5 1 5x a n Y=ax^n 1 2 x 2 2 4x 3 2 6x 4 2 8x 5 2 10x a n Y=ax^n 1 3 3x^2 2 3 6x^2 3 3 9x^2 4 3 12x^2 5 3 15x^2 a n Y=ax^n 1 4 4x^3 2 4 8x^3 3 4 12x^3 4 4 16x^3 5 4 20x^3 I will plot the graphs of the functions above and I will find their gradient using the formula gradient=increase in y-axis /increase in x-axis. Straight line graphs Straight line graphs are graphs with the equation y=mx+c or y=ax^1,where is stand for the gradient and c is the y- intercept. Gradient calculations 1. y=x graph Gradient of A= increase in y -axis/increase in x-axis = 2/2 =1 Gradient of B= increase in y-axis/increase in x-axis = 2/2 =1 2. y=2x graph Gradient of D= increase in y-axis/increase in x-axis = 4/2 =2 Gradient of E= increase in y-axis/increase in x-axis = 4/2 =2 Gradient of F= increase in y-axis/increase in x-axis

Social Justice Assignment

In this assignment, the relevance of Rawls theory of social justice in improving the wellbeing of the people in society has been discussed. Social justice as understood by the writer is concerned with equal justice, not just in courts but in all aspects of society. This concepts demand that people have equal rights and opportunities: everyone, from the poorest person on the margins of society to the wealthiest deserves an even playing field.According to the Wikipedia encyclopedia â€Å"social justice generally refers to the ideas of creating a society of institution that is based on the principal of equality and solidarity, that understands and values human rights, and that recognizes the dignity of every human being†. This means giving to each what he or she is due. It’s about the fair and proper administration of laws conforming to the natural law that all persons, irrespective of ethnic origin, gender, possessions, race religion etc are to be treated equally without prejudice. Rawls Theory of Social JusticeRawls theory of justice revolves around the adaption of two fundamental principals of justice which would, in turn, guarantee a just and morally acceptable society. The first principal guarantees the right of each person to have the most extensive basic liberty compatible with the liberty of others. The second principle states that the social and economic positions are to be (a) to everyone’s advantage (b) open to all. Norman. D (1987:145) explains that â€Å"John Rawls is widely known for his theory of justice as fairness, which develops principals of justice to govern a modern social order.Rawls theory provides a frame work that explains the significance, ion society assumed to consist of free and equal persons, of political and personal liberties, of equal opportunities, and cooperative arrangements that benefit the more and the less advantaged members of society. † It can be seen that John Rawls discusses his own theory of s ocial justice, which he calls â€Å"justice as fairness†. In his theory, Rawls defines two basic principles of justice. First, each person should be guaranteed certain freedoms regardless of his or social status.These freedoms include political liberties such as the right to vote and eligibility for public office. Everyone is entitled to free speech, as well as freedom of conscious and thought. People should be free to own their own property and free from unlawful arrest and seizure. Pogge W. (1999:87) adds that â€Å"Justice is the first virtue of social institutions, as truth is of systems of thought. A theory however elegant and economical must be rejected or revised if it is untrue; likewise laws and institutions no matter how efficient and well-arranged must be reformed or abolished if they are unjust†.Each person possesses an inviolability founded on justice that even the welfare of society as a whole cannot override. For this reason justice denies that the loss of freedom for some is made right by a greater good shared by others. It does not allow that the sacrifices imposed on a few are outweighed by the larger sum of advantages enjoyed by many. Rawls second principal of justice states that inequities are actually okay in society as long as these inequalities still help the less fortunate.In other words, everyone deserves an equal opportunity to achieve his or her goals. For example it it is okay that a CEO of Zesco makes more than a worker but all workers should have the opportunity to achieve that work status. Rawls states that these two principals are essential in order for justice as fairness to occur. According to Rawls, inequalities sometimes become unjust. Pogge W. (1999:67) stresses that â€Å"just because Rawls’s conception of social justice values equality, this does not mean that equal out comes will be achieved in society, or that they even can be.In fact, Rawls second principle asserts that inequalities in society are acceptable as long as they meet two conditions. First, as per the equal opportunity principle. † Inequalities are acceptable if every person in society, if every person is has a reasonable chance of obtaining the positions that lead to the inequalities. An example would be equal opportunity to achieve any job. Rawls (2003:43) specifies that â€Å"fair equality of opportunity requires not merely that public offices and social positions open in the formal sense, but that all should have a fair chance to attain them†.After explaining that today’s economic inequalities are simply not acceptable, Rawls (2003:59-60) explains the differences principal this way â€Å"to say that inequalities income and wealth are to be arranged for the greatest benefit of the least advantaged simply means that we are to compare schemes of cooperation by seeing how well off the leased advantaged are under each scheme, and then to select the scheme under which the least disadvantaged are better off than they are under any scheme.†With two competing arrangements of incomes in society, the fairer of the two and therefore the more just of the two is the one that is to the greatest benefit of the least advantage. Relevance of John Rawls theory of social justice in improving human wellbeing in society. Rawls' theory provides a framework that explains the significance, in a society assumed to consist of free and equal persons, of political and personal liberties, of equal opportunity, and cooperative arrangements that benefit the more and the less advantaged members of society. The following are the reasons why this theory is relevant.It advocates for equal rights of individuals. According to Voice . P (2011:189) stresses that â€Å"one the first principle –each person is to have an equal right to the most extensive total system of basic equal liberties compatible with similar systems of basic equal liberties compatible with a similar system of liberty for all. The second principle states that social and economic inequalities are to be arranged so that they are both: (a) to the greatest benefit of the least advantaged consistent with the just savings principal, (b) attached to offices and positions open to all under conditions of fair equality of opportunity.†.These principals distribute the primary goods, rights and liberties in the first principles and opportunities, income and wealth in the second principal. The theory addresses injustices by recognizing the importance of social institutions in society. Rawls theory is very realistic in that it looks at the actual events and institutions that exist in society. As stated earlier, social justice is the idea of creating a society or institution that is based on the principles of equality and solidarity, that understands and values human rights, and that recognizes the dignity of every human being.From this theory it can be seen that he Rawls advocates for a society in which ther e is cooperation. Lovett . F (2011:10) explains that â€Å"the basic structure of a society which he defines as a way in which major social institutions distribute fundamental rights and duties determine the division of advantage from social cooperation. In A Theory of Justice, Rawls begins with the statement that Justice is the first virtue of social institution,’’ meaning that a good society is one structured according to principals of justice. †Abasic structure of a society is a set of social institutions and practices that systematically influence how well our lives can be expected to go, individual efforts aside. Here, Rawls explains the importance of principles of justice for two key purposes. First, to provide a way of assigning rights and duties in the basic institutions of society, and secondly, to define the appropriate distribution of the benefits and burdens of society. He observes that, by his definition, well-ordered societies are rare due to the f act that what is just and unjust is usually in dispute.He further notes that a well-ordered and perfectly just society must be formulated in a way that addresses the problems of efficiency, coordination, and stability. It acknowledges the importance of human rights. Rawls (2003:75) says â€Å"A just world order is perhaps best seen as a society of peoples, each people maintaining a well-ordered and decent political (domestic) regime, not necessarily democratic but fully respecting basic human rights.†Human rights are expansive and include rights in the following areas: general freedom; dignity; life; liberty; security; equality before the law; fair and public hearings by independent and impartial tribunals; presumption of innocence until proven guilty; freedom of movement and residence; right to seek and gain asylum from persecution. † The above are not the only human rights, but there are others. Human rights are expansive and include rights in many areas. For example, there should ne explicit inclusion of economic, social and cultural rights. Rights of disadvantaged groups including children, women, disabled and the elderly.Rawls theory is based on the social contract. The social contract according to the Wikipedia encyclopedia is â€Å"an intellectual construct that typically addresses two questions, first, that of the origin of society, and second, the question of the legitimacy of the authority of the state over the individual. Social contract arguments typically posit that individuals have consented, either explicitly or tacitly, to surrender some of their freedoms and submit to the authority of the ruler or magistrate (or to the decision of a majority), in exchange for protection of their natural rights†.This means people need to agree on some ground rules in order to live together in harmony. Deneulin S. and Shahani L (2009:234) stresses that â€Å"Rawls turned to social contract tradition, when justice is understood as the outcome of mutual advantage†. Rawls conception of social justice is developed around the idea of a social contract, whereby people freely enter into an agreement to follow certain rules for the betterment of everyone. For example, people cast their votes during presidential or parliamentary election so that these people can represent then and address issues that affect society.If they fail to work according to the expectations of the people, they are voted out. The theory also recognizes the fact that inequalities should be of benefit to all the people in society. In other words, everyone deserves an opportunity to achieve his or her goals. Pogge W (1989:47) stipulates that â€Å"inequalities are acceptable as long as they meet two conditions. Daniel N (2009:57) explains that â€Å"inequalities in society are at times just. There are atleast two reasons for this. First economic inequalities that motivate people to strive for more can sometimes be justified, second inequalities may result from differential claims on merit†.For example, it can be looked at to be unfair if a person is getting 200 million while others are getting 20million but all workers should have the opportunity to achieve that work status. . Every person should be able benefit from the national cake depending on how much is available. This theory calls for meritocracy. that Rawls’s theory of justice acknowledges meritocracy in society. This is relevant in that meritocracy is based on ability and talent rather than on class privilege or wealth. The allocation of rewards, positions and responsibilities is objective and upon the merit of an individual.By doing so the disadvantaged members of society should also benefit. Inequalities must only occur in certain institutions and jobs that there is unequal opportunity for all to obtain. These inequalities must only occur in certain institutions and jobs that there is an equal opportunity for all to obtain. These inequalities include th e distribution of income and wealth. Also inequalities are acceptable if they are used for the purpose of delegating different responsibilities in a chain of command. The other relevance is that, the theory is based on the foundation of justice is fairness.Fairness means free from bias or injustice or the ability to make judgments free from discrimination or dishonesty. According to Rawls, justice is what free and equal persons would agree to as basic terms of social cooperation in conditions that are fair for this purpose. This idea he calls â€Å"justice as fairness. † Daniel N (2009:76) states that â€Å"Justice is the most important political value and applies to the ‘basic institutions of society’ – the political constitution and the institutions that regulate the market, property, family, freedom, and so on – because it is intimately connected to what society is and what it is for.If society is a matter of cooperation between equals for mutua l advantage, the conditions for this cooperation need to be defended and any inequalities in social positions must be justified†. Were there is justice there is peace free participation of individuals in society. This is to say the principles that free and rational persons concerned to further their own interests would accept in an initial position of equality as defining the fundamental terms of their association. Justice, then, is fairness. Deneulin S.and Shahani L (2009:123)â€Å"For our agreement to secure a fair, impartial procedure, we need to eliminate any possible bias towards, say, the rich or the poor, or the religious or the atheist. So, argues Rawls, assume that we are to agree on these principles without knowing what our position in society will be or what our idea of the good is. The point of this ‘veil of ignorance’ is to ensure that no one is advantaged or disadvantaged in the choice of principles by the outcome of natural chance or the contingenc y of social circumstances†. This theory is relevant in that, it advocates for social justice.This is relevant to the wellbeing of the people in that credit is able to go to those who deserve it. For example, most people who benefit from the bursary scheme are those who are capable of paying. The people it is intended to help do not even have access to it. Therefore, society craves for a time when the vulnerable will have a share of the national cake. Thus, Since all are similar situated and no one is able to design principles to favor his particular condition, the principles of justice are the result of a fair agreement or bargain.Conclusion In conclusion, it should be noted that, Rawls theory is relevant in improving the wellbeing of the people in society. It is very practical in that it is marked by both conflicts between differing individual interests and an identity of shared interests. According to Rawls, when the two principles are satisfied, each person’s liberti es are secured and there is a sense defined by the difference principle in which everyone is benefited by social co-operation

Ikea in Brazil

IKEA IN BRAZIL IKEA’s vision is to create a better everyday life for the many people. The business idea supports this vision by offering a wide range of well-designed, functional home furnishing products at prices so low that as many people as possible will be able to afford them. The IKEA product range focuses on good design and function at a low price. It offers home furnishing solutions for every room in the home. It is co-ordinated so that no matter which style you prefer our designers and product developers work hard to ensure that our products meet your day-to-day needs and eliminates the unnecessary. This business could be successful in Brazil? Brazil is among the ten leading world economic powers. He entered a mild recession in 2009 (-0. 2%), Brazil's economy has regained growth momentum in 2010, boosted by the revival of trade and supported by various recovery measures. Estimated at 7. 5% of GDP, the highest growth in Latin America. In recent years, Brazil has become one of the major powers of economic growth, thanks to reforms to stabilize the economy through the promotion of investment, boost and oil industry consolidation in the world with its exports. Lula's government brought the institutional stability and currently Brazil Dilma Rousseff, the new president, elected in October 2010, pledged to continue the policies of former President Lula. Despite the good economic performance, social issues are important. The country remains one of the most unequal, there are strong regional disparities. IKEA for Brazil represent a window to the outside, as the Brazilian consumer is very attracted to foreign products, especially if we talk about Europe. Since the Brazilian consumer IKEA offers a wide range of practical and high quality products at low prices. The four cities chosen for introduction are: Sao Paolo, Brasilia, Salvador de Bahia and Rio de Janeiro. These cities are chosen because they are the most populated in Brazil. With this information, we will perform an analysis to see if IKEA is possible in the Brazilian market. Besides being the gateway to South America and continue the IKEA expansions.

Earn College Credit by Taking Free Online Classes

Earn College Credit by Taking Free Online Classes It is possible to earn legitimate college credit by taking a free online class. The process isn’t always easy. But, if you’re willing to jump through a few hoops, you could complete a degree requirement by studying free online class materials. Heres how: Choose a College That Permits Credit for Experience In order for this to work, you need to be enrolled in a college that gives credit for some form of life experience. Ask your current college if they allow portfolio credit, independent study, or credit by exam. Alternatively, you could enroll in one of the big three flexible credit colleges. You may earn a regionally accredited degree from one of these programs, or you may transfer the credits you earn to a traditional college. Note that most colleges will still charge you a tuition fee for credit earned non-traditionally. Select a Free Online Class With a Counselor Talk to an academic adviser at your college to get help choosing a free online class. The counselor will help you select a class that fulfills your credit needs and help you understand what will be required to earn formal credit. Follow Program Guidelines to Create a Portfolio or Complete Exams Earning credit by taking a free online class will require you to submit portfolio work to your college, study alongside an instructor, or take a standardized exam to prove your learning. As you complete the free online class, stay on top of the requirements set by your college. Transfer the Credits to Your Regular College Once the free online class and additional college requirements are complete, you should be awarded a grade. If you are temporarily enrolled in one of the big three life experience colleges, you will need to transfer the earned credits to your traditional college.

November Calendar of Famous Inventions and Birthdays

November Calendar of Famous Inventions and Birthdays November is the month of Thanksgiving and some of the best inventions that made their official public debut with the registration of their patents, trademarks, or copyrights. Literary works, new methods of manufacturing, and new products all made their appearance for the first time in November. Throughout history, the 11th month of the year has also been when many great  inventors and scientists were born, and you can find out which famous figures and inventions share your November birthday below. Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights From the birth of Apple Jacks cereal  to several special  Thanksgiving  Day inventions, there are many great creations that got their official start with the registration of their patents, trademarks, and copyrights in the month of November. November 1 1966: Apple Jacks cereal was trademark registered. November 2 1955: Jim Hensons Kermit the Frog, the first Muppet, was copyright registered. November 3 1903: Listerine was trademark registered. November 4 1862: Richard Gatling received a patent for the machine gun. November 5 1901:  Henry Ford received a patent for a motor carriage. November 6 1928: Colonel Jacob Schick patented the first electric razor. November 7 1955: The movie Guys and Dolls, based on stories by Damon Runyon,  was copyright registered. November 8 1956: Cecile B Demilles The Ten Commandments was copyright registered. November 9 1842: George Bruce received the first design patent for printing typefaces. November 10 1981: The board game Trivial Pursuit was registered. November 11 1901:  NABISCO, the snack food manufacturer, was trademark registered. November 12 1940: Batman, the original comic strip, was trademark registered. November 13 1979:  Robert Jarvik was granted a patent for an artificial heart. November 14 1973: Patsy Sherman and Samuel Smith obtained a patent for a method for treating carpets known as Scotchguard. November 15 1904: Patent Number 775,134 was granted to King C. Gillette for a safety razor. November 16 1977: Stephen Spielbergs Close Encounters of the Third Kind was copyright registered. November 17 1891:  Emile Berliner was issued a patent for a combined telegraph and telephone. November 18 1952:  ELMERS glue was trademark registered. November 19 1901:  Granville Woods was issued a patent for a third rail to operate electrified railways. November 20 1923: Patent Number 1,475,024 was granted to Garrett Morgan for a traffic signal. November 21 1854: Issac Von Bunschoten patented a rosin-oil lamp. November 22 1904: Design patent for the Congressional Medal of Honor was granted to George Gillespie. November 23 1898:  Andrew Beard was granted a patent for a railway car coupler. November 24 1874: Patent Number 157,124 was granted to Joseph Glidden for barbed wire fencing. November 25 1975: Robert S. Ledley was granted patent Number 3,922,522 for diagnostic X-ray systems known as the CAT-Scan. November 26 1895: Russell Penniman received a patent for a transparent photographic film. November 27 1894: Mildred Lord was granted a patent for a washing machine. November 28 1905: ARM HAMMER baking soda was trademark registered. November 29 1881: Francis Blake was granted a patent for the speaking phone. November 30 1858: John Mason patented the screw neck bottle called the Mason Jar. November Birthdays From Marie Curie, who discovered radium, to the Fourth Earl of Sandwich, who invented the sandwich, November has given birth to a number of influential scientists and inventors throughout history. Listed by date and year they were born, the following famous figures changed the world with the accomplishments they made in their lifetimes. November 1 1950: Robert B. Laughlin  was an American physicist who won the 1998 Nobel Prize in physics for producing  body wave function in the  fractional quantum Hall effect.1880: Alfred L Wegener was a German meteorologist that revealed the continental shift.1878: Carlos Saavedra Lamas was an Argentinian who was the first to be awarded the Latin American Nobel Peace Prize in 1936. November 2 1929: Amar Bose was an electrical engineer with a Ph.D. from MIT and the founder and chairman of Bose Corporation, which patented advanced speakers that mimic being inside a concert hall.1942: Shere Hite is an author and sex therapist, who wrote the Hite Report. November 3 1718: John Montague was the Fourth Earl of Sandwich and the inventor of the  sandwich. November 4 1912: Pauline Trigere was the fashion designer that created bell-bottom pants.1923: Alfred Heineken was a beer brewer that founded Heineken  beer. November 5 1534: Carlos Saavedra Lamas was a German botanist and physician who wrote the first horticulture catalog.1855: Leon P Teisserenc de Bort was a French meteorologist who discovered the existence of Earths stratosphere.1893: Raymond Loewy was an American industrial designer that designed everything from Coca-Cola vending machines to  Pennsylvania Railroads S1 steam locomotive.1930: Frank Adams was a British mathematician, who greatly advanced concepts of  homotopy theory.1946:  Patricia K Kuhl is a speech and hearing scientist and a major contributor to the neuroscience, language acquisition, and speech recognition communities. November 6 1771: Alois Senefelder invented  lithography.1814: Adolphe Sax was the Belgium musician who invented the saxophone.1861:  James Naismith  invented the rules of basketball. November 7 1855: Edwin H. Hall was an American physicist who discovered the Hall effect.1867: Marie Curie  was the French scientist who discovered radium and won the Nobel Prize in 1903 and 1911.1878: Lise Meitner was the Austrian-Swedish physicist who discovered protactinium.1888: Chandrasekhara Raman was the Indian physicist who won the Nobel Prize for Physics for his advancements in the study of light scattering in 1930.1910: Edmund Leach was a British social anthropologist who greatly influenced the field of British structural-functionalism.1950: Alexa Canady was the first black woman to become a neurosurgeon. November 8 1656: English astronomer Edmund Halley discovered the Halley comet.1922: Christiaan Barnard was a South African surgeon who performed the first heart transplant.1923:  Jack Kilby  was an American scientist who  invented the integrated circuit (the microchip).1930: Edmund Happold was the structural engineer who founded engineering constituency. November 9 1850: Lewis Lewin was a German toxicologist who is considered the father of psychopharmacologist.1897: Ronald G. W. Norrish was a British chemist who won the Nobel Prize in 1967 for the development of flash photolysis.1906: Arthur Rudolph was a German rocket engineer who helped develop the American space program. November 10 1819: Cyrus West Field financed the first transatlantic cable.1895: John Knudsen Northrop was an aircraft designer who founded Northrop Air.1918: Ernst Fischer is the German chemist who won the Nobel Prize in 1973 for pioneering the field of organometallic chemistry. November 11 1493: Paracelsus was the  Swiss scientist who is known as the father of toxicology. November 12 1841: John W. Rayleigh was the English physicist won the Nobel prize in 1904 for discovering argon. November 13 1893: Edward A. Doisy Sr. was an American biochemist who invented a way to manufacture Vitamin K1 and won the Nobel prize in 1943.1902: Gustav von Koenigswald was a paleontologist who found Pithecanthropus erectus. November 14 1765:  Robert Fulton  built the first steamboat.1776: Henri Dutrochet discovered and named the process of osmosis.1797: Charles Lyell was  a Scottish geologist who wrote The Principles of Geology.1863:  Leo Baekeland  was a Belgian-American chemist who invented the  bakelite. November 15 1793: Michel Chasles was a  French mathematician who  specialized in geometry. November 16 1857: Henry Potonie was a German geologist who studied coal formation. November 17 1906: Soichiro Honda was the founder and first CEO of the Honda Motor Company.1902: Eugene Paul Wigner was a  Mathematician and physicist and the co-inventor of the A-Bomb who won the Nobel Prize in 1963. November 18 1839: August A. Kundt was a  German physicist who researched sound vibration and invented the test of Kundt.1897: British physicist, Patrick M. S. Blackett invented a nuclear reaction won the Nobel Prize in 1948.1906: American physiologist/biologist, George Wald won the Nobel prize in 1967. November 19 1912: George E Palade is cell biologist who discovered ribosomes and won the Nobel Prize in 1974.1936: Yuan T. Lee is a Taiwanese chemist who was the first from the country to win a Nobel Prize for his work on the dynamics of chemical elementary processes. November 20 1602: Otto von Guericke invented the air pump.1886: Karl von Frisch was a zoologist and bee expert who won the Nobel Prize in 1973.1914: Emilio Pucci is an Italian fashion designer known for his prints.1916: Robert A. Bruce was a pioneer in exercise cardiology. November 21 1785: William Beaumont was a surgeon who was first to research digestion.1867: Vladimir N. Ipatiev was a  Russian petroleum chemist who made huge advancements in the field. November 22 1511: Erasmus Reinhold was the German mathematician who calculated planetary table.1891: Erik Lindahl was a  Swedish economist who wrote The Theory of Money and Capital.1919: Wilfred Norman Aldridge was a biochemist and toxicologist. November 23 1924: Colin Turnbull was an anthropologist and one of the first ethnomusicologist who wrote The Forest People and The Mountain People.1934: Rita Rossi Colwell is an  environmental microbiologist  whos known around the world for her research. November 24 1953: Tod Machover is an  American composer who invented the use of new technology in music. November 25 1893: Joseph Wood Krutch was an American environmentalist and writer whose nature books on the American Southwest and critiques of reductionistic science made him famous.1814: Julius Robert Mayer was a  German scientist who was one of the founders of thermodynamics.1835: Andrew Carnegie was an industrialist and a noted philanthropist. November 26 1607: John Harvard was a clergyman and scholar who founded Harvard University.1876:  Willis Haviland Carrier  invented air-conditioning equipment.1894: Norbert Wiener was the American mathematicians who invented cybernetics.1913: Joshua William Steward invented polymath. November 27 1701: Anders Celsius was a Swedish scientist who invented the centigrade temperature scale.1894: Forrest Shaklee founded Shaklee Products.1913: Frances Swem Anderson was a technologist who researched nuclear medicine.1955: Scientist actor, Bill Nye is a scientist and actor who hosts a show on Netflix about science based on his original Bill Nye the Science Guy show from the 80s and 90s. November 28 1810: William Froude was an English engineer and a naval architect.1837:  John Wesley Hyatt  invented celluloid.1854: Gottlieb J. Haberlandt was a German botanist who discovered plant tissue cultures. November 29 1803: Christian Doppler was an Austrian physicist who invented Doppler effect radar.1849:  John Ambrose Fleming  invented the first practical electron tube called the Fleming Valve and the vacuum tube diode.1911: Klaus Fuchs was a British atomic physicist who was arrested for being a spy.1915: Earl W. Sutherland was the American pharmacologist who won the Nobel Prize in 1971 for discoveries concerning the mechanisms of the actions of hormones. November 30 1827: Ernest H. Baillon was a French botanist who wrote The History of Plants.1889: Edgar D. Adrian was an  English physiologist who won the Nobel Prize in 1932 for his work on neurons.1915: Henry Taube was a chemist who won the Nobel prize in 1983 for his work  in the mechanisms of electron-transfer reactions, especially in metal complexes.

All forms of government welfare should be abolished Essay - 2

All forms of government welfare should be abolished - Essay Example There are many ways through which this facility provided by the government is being abused even though there have been protections placed and filtering has been initiated in the recent times. A great example of abusing this facility is when mothers give birth to children just so that they can surplus the amount they receive from the government which increases their welfare checks. There are many perspectives from which we can view this, firstly women who give birth to babies considering it to be attractive as they get the charm of spending the money on themselves. Secondly, those women who bore many children and are dependent on aid are considered to be a bad choice. This is one of the biggest problems with our prevailing system; this is the charm which encourages women to become pregnant as it brings a raise of amount in their welfare money each month, which becomes a very good amount annually. Thus these benefits provided by the government are being brutally abused when the money t hat is provided by government is not used to nurture the infant born. This greed does not end here but continues when such mothers who give birth on a constant pace and are completely relying on the aid provided by the government to sustain their living. This system was developed to help the people who are in need but now it has been adopted by many individuals who cannot get over the addiction of free income. This develops a negative approach as well which encourages such people not to look for work opportunities. as that would deprive them from their free earning. The purpose behind establishing welfare aid programs was to help the needy during their difficult times not to generate lifelong income. (Segal, 10) The government has particularly made these welfare systems very engaging, they act as a catalyst in stopping people from work who were initially motivated and self-dependent. This system will continue till the time those people who are unemployed become motivated to earn the ir own living than being dependent on the government programs. This system is merely a curse which restricts people from hard work and physical labor and eventually sucks the money out of the hardworking people. Why such programs are a risk to progress? One of the many reasons why the government should stop such welfare programs as the requirements that are set on checks are cause immense strain on the government programs that are merely for the working class. The major and the most precise example of this is the social security. The money that is being used by such welfare prog

Bibliography about Napoleon Bonaparte-France Essay

Bibliography about Napoleon Bonaparte-France - Essay Example He was enrolled in a military school in a town named Bienne. His performance in academics was not at all laudable. However, his progress in the military ways was commendable. It only took him a year in the Paris military school to be commissioned as the second lieutenant. He achieved this rank in the artillery section in the year 1785. In 1789, Napoleon spectated the fall of bastille though with approval from military officials. He watched at a distance but did not involve himself in fighting. He chose to spend the next few years hanging out in his native town of Corsica. His stay there was not without controversy. He had a blown out conflict with a Corsican nationalist named Paoli. Napoleon’s family were convinced of reduced safety in the area. They decided to flee the town for Marseille in the year 1793 (Johnstone 13). 1793 stands out as the year napoleon had his first military test. It was not easy opposition to face as it entailed the British ad royalist armies. The succes s of his command on the British secured him the rank of brigadier general in the French army. In the following year, Napoleon was handed command of the national French army that was stationed in Italy. His military life and dealings made him subject to imprisonment in the year 1794. It was for a short while. He was alleged to have been involved with the brother of Robespierre (then-fallen). His imprisonment came to a hasty end as his name was cleared from the list of army officers who had failed to follow orders. October 1795 saw Napoleon lead a successful revolt against the revolutionary French government. In the new government, he was prompted as the army commander of the interior. The promotion transpired in May 1796. Napoleon organised the French army for a series of attacks that he plotted. The attacks were aimed at the Sardinians as well as the Austrians in Italy. He enjoyed a commendable success rate as he won in Mantua, Savoy, Lombardy and Nice. This was a revolution that he had initiated. It intended to conquer the larger parts of Europe. This way, the French control would be felt throughout. By 1797, he had passed the Alps and into Vienna. He forced his adversaries to concede resulting to the treaty of campo, Formio. This treaty was to end the initial stage of the French revolution (Johnson 44). France’s antagonism with Britain was very alive and kicking. In light of this, Napoleon, acting on behalf of the French government planned to challenge the Britain’s interest in India. With an army consisting of 35000 troops, Napoleon went in pursuit of the British en route to India. On the way, Malta was not spared from French conquest. In a bid to shut down British trade routes with India, Napoleon conquered Egypt. During that time, Egypt was under ottoman rule. His occupation was present in Alexandria and Cairo. The French influence led to the establishment of various institutions that were dedicated to ancient Egypt’s studies (Johnson 36). As a matter of fact, there are 18 volumes dated 1808-1825 named Description d’Egypt. These were the end results of the Napoleon founded institutions. Horatio Nelson, a British troop commander successfully engaged Napoleon’s army in Egypt. They destroyed Napoleon’s fleet in the battle of the Nile. Napoleon was stranded in Egypt but eventually found his way back to France in 1799. His was a narrow escape from his fierce adversaries. Back in France, the government

Vicos Project (Case Analysis) Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Vicos Project (Case Analysis) - Term Paper Example Gildner (2009) reveals that for the Peruvian elites had for many decades attempted to bring an indigenous population largely viewed as backwards and pre-modern into the world of modernity without success. Therefore, it was thought that Cornell Peru Project (CPP) could bring to an end this kind of development dilemma. Cornell, working in partnership with the Instituto Indigenista Peruano (Peruvian Indigenous Institute, IIP), researched both provoked and studied social change among this indigenous population at Vicos using participant intervention method (Cornell University, n.d). By improving conditions in vital areas of education, health care, and agriculture, local anthropologists sought to insulate discrete agents of change and to monitor how effective they were. The main aim of doing this was to help improve the living standards of living of Vicos inhabitants. The most practical impact of U.S modernization efforts at Vicos came about because of pushing the Peruvian indigesimo towards an integrationalist position while marginalizing more radical advocacy for agrarian reforms. Gildner (2009) notes that the researchers of CPP found themselves between indigenous communities demanding land redistribution and land owners in the rural areas seeking the maintenance of property rights. Acting as an alternative to agrarian reform, the CPP promoted a more traditional answer to the â€Å"Indian problem† aimed at cultural assimilation as well as incorporation of politics through Spanish literacy training, increased political participation and compulsory military service. Gildner (2009) argues that this â€Å"conservative wait-and-see approach† came about from the isolated and objective science intrinsic to the modernization efforts of Cornell’s team. The success of the project was also based on power. It is the power that helped th e Vicosinos achieve a wider sharing of positive values than they had under manorial regime. Wood (1975) notes that power was recognized as a key element in change and the distribution of power in the form of participation and responsibility in decision-making to people in the community. This happened to be one of the major goals of CPP according to Wood (1975). To ensure that this became successful, CPP created a decision-making power base for the entire community through the mayorales, which is a political group within the hacienda system. Wood notes that, despite the mayorales being older men and less susceptible to innovation compared to other members of the society, the project coordinators felt that it was viable to work through traditional authority group to help drive the agenda. Research conducted by Cornell University was also aimed at stimulating and promoting technological change in underdeveloped areas. Wood reveals

Eddies action Essay Example for Free

Eddies action Essay Beatrice is responsible for eddies death because she didnt act soon enough. If Beatrice acted sooner Eddie could have calmed and a lot of this wouldnt have happened. Marco wants revenge on Eddie because Eddie contacted immigration to inform them of him and Rodolpho. This angers Marco and makes him want to seek revenge. He believes that Eddies action was the start of a downward spiral leading to the unfortunate fate of his children. He confirms this in the quote, That one! He killed my children. Marco could be blamed for eddies death because of his personal vendetta. He went to Eddies house fuelled with aggression, shouting, Eddie Carbone outside of Eddies house demanding that Eddie steps outside to settle this. If you were trying to clear Marco of international murder you could argue that Eddie pulled a knife out. Another reason you can state is that Marco was using self defence to prevent getting hurt these reasons is what can clear Marco from international murder. Marco kills Eddie at the end of the final scene. Eddie lunges at Marco and they begin to fight. Eddie pulls out a knife and attempts to stab Marco. Eddie tries to stab Marco but Marco twists the knife and stabs Eddie instead, it results in Eddie dying. There is evidence in this which tells us that Marco is responsible for eddies death such as when Marco says, in my country, he would have been dead by now. He would not live this long this gives me more knowledge which tells me that Marco is responsible for eddies death. This quote tells us that Marco is a man of vendetta, this is the way he settles his problems. Eddie is a man of honour dying like this suits him because he has fought for what he believes in. I have come to the conclusion that Eddie is fully responsible for his death. I believe he bring everything on himself such as calling immigration because he couldnt control his jealousy which resulted into angering Marco, this leaded into a vendetta. By settling this feud Marco wants to fight, as Eddie comes out he brings a knife; if he had not brought that knife the damage would have been so much less. The writer directing the final words towards Alfieri is aimed at touching each member of the audience, each feeling mixed emotions throughout the play however, whoever is to blame becomes irrelevant and you can not help but morn and feel a sense of loss over I life that has been taken. The writer points out that for all Eddies wrong doings he was unable to control his actions due to his belief in what he felt was right. I think a view from a bridge is a tragedy because throughout the play Eddie goes through so much. He loses respect from others, he drifts apart from his niece on the strengths of his personal beliefs and lack of control over his jealousy and consequently loses his own life. The line in which sums up the main point for is when Alfieri says sometimes we settle for half and I like it better.

The Internet as a New Medium of Communication Essay -- Internet Commun

The internet, a new medium of communication that allows us to communicate over large distances with an impressive outcome, the internet has improved long distance communication with its ever growing means of communicating. In this essay I will elaborate on my understanding on the internet as a new medium of communication, I will also state relevant theories and examples to back up my result. â€Å"The paradigm of the new mode of communication and clearly the emerging infrastructure for the hypermedia environment is networked computing, and in particular, the loose conglomeration of worldwide net worked computer known as the internet† (deibert, p.131). The internet began in the 1970s as a US military experiment, where they designed a computer network called ‘Arpanet’ that would survive a nuclear attack; the primary theory of the network was a distributed form of communication without any central control. The Arpanet eventually became a tool for researching inform ation for the public. In the early 1990’s the internet became a successor to the Arpanet, networked communication had exploded to include private individuals around the world which was linked through the anarchic web of computers, surfing, sharing information and online discussion. The internet then became a phenomenal as everyone from governments to universities, businesses and individuals exploring this medium of communication. The growth of internet users was indescribable as it was now spread worldwide; the internet was now user friendly. The World Wide Web emerged due to the growth of the internet and the revolutionary development, which permits the integration of hyper textual links and multimedia in a single platform. â€Å"In providing globally-networked, hyper textual, ... ...ac.uk/webapps/portal/frameset.jsp?tab_tab_group_id=_2_1&url=/webapps/blackboard/execute/launcher%3Ftype%3DCourse%26id%3D_2878_1%26url%3D https://blackboard.le.ac.uk/webapps/portal/frameset.jsp?tab_tab_group_id=_2_1&url=/webapps/blackboard/execute/launcher%3Ftype%3DCourse%26id%3D_2878_1%26url%3D https://blackboard.le.ac.uk/webapps/portal/frameset.jsp?tab_group=courses&url=/webapps/blackboard/content/contentWrapper.jsp%3Fattachment%3Dtrue%26navItem%3Dcontent%26content_id%3D_561171_1%26course_id%3D_2878_1%26displayName%3Dthe%2Bworld%2Bwide%2Bweb%2Bof%2Bsurveillance%2540%2Bthe%2Binternet%2Band%2Boff%2Bworld%2Bpower%2Bflows.pdf%26href%3D/%2540%2540/AA8A813A99BD4A059CE4EB843F104663/courses/1/MS2007/content/_561171_1/the%252520world%252520wide%252520web%252520of%252520surveillance%252540%252520the%252520internet%252520and%252520off%252520world%252520power%252520flows.pdf

Corporate Social Network Essay

Corporate Social Network – Final Project MIS 535 Managerial Applications of Information Technology Lou Ann McElyea June 16, 2013 Abstract Many organizations have suggestion boxes. One can find a suggestion box in a gas station, a restaurant, and even a work place. It’s an easy and mostly anonymous way to express ideas or concerns regarding an organization and/or its structure. Through the use of a suggestion box, either client or employee would be able to express opinions and make suggestions according to the various attributes of an organization without a high pressure environment such as meetings and superior/employee one-on-one sessions. With access to so much information technology and data collection resources, many organizations can take their ‘suggestion box’ out of the hallway and to the employee or client through their computer screen. The easy accessibility of the electronic suggestion box would not only encourage more users, but promote on the spot ideas at the time a suggestion is originated. For example, at Chili’s the restaurant they have an interactive module where you can play games and pay your bill. After a short visit to the bathroom, you think of a game they can add to their interactive board. Wouldn’t it be nice if instead of flagging down a waitress or trying to find a manager, you could put that suggestion right on the interactive board that goes straight to the manager in a message? Organization Background Opening in 2000, the fully accredited Advanced Academics Inc. partnered with schools and districts all over the United States to provide online  learning opportunities for students who needed an additional educational option available. Offering access to certified teachers 24 hours a day, 5 days a week and 24/7 student technical support on an innovative virtual classroom platform, Advanced Academics Inc. made a point to equip students with all possible resources to assist in achieving a high school diploma. With students in the most rural corners of Oklahoma, where the organization is headquartered, were unable to get to school. Buses didn’t run that far and methods of transportation were slim. More and more students in traditional classrooms were not finding the environment to be conducive to their academic success. Students who need more time with their teacher or doing their homework or tests can fall between the cracks of customary school systems. There had to be another option, surely, there was another way. Now a subsidiary of DeVry Inc., Advanced Academics Inc., is one of the most regarded online learning institutions in the country. Offering educational opportunities not only to those of high school age but to those who are younger, older, and in need of an accredited high school diploma, Advanced Academics is a sought after institution. This online learning option truly lives by their mission to help students succeed and graduate with a high school diploma. Problem Advanced Academics Inc. has free state-based programs in 10 states not including the international tuition-based program. Each of these programs requires specific criteria to be met in order to attend, as well as different contacts for counselors and student assistants and an outsourced general information and initial enrollment customer service. According to their LinkedIn page, Advanced Academics Inc., or AAI, has upwards of 500 employees across the footprint and headquarters with approximately 80% of their corporate employees able to work remotely utilizing the popular cloud computing system Salesforce. With all these national, and mobile, employees within the organization, AAI can experience a lapse in communication amongst their program directors, admissions, and enrollment. This lack of communication has led to a multitude of issues within the organization such as programs changing criteria or dropping out of AAI, misinformation being  provided to students and employees, and website update and repair. Because company-wide face to face meeting are near impossible, AAI has a heavy reliance on a chain of command and technology in order to make any updates or changes effective in the organization and for the information to spread accordingly. They lack a system or software that is accessible to all employees of the organization to be able to perform their jobs effectively. Halverson and Tirmizi (2008) state that organizations â€Å"have to find means, as they utilize global communication tools, to adjust their ways of communicating and understanding† in order to maintain effective communication (p. 185). AAI needs to make some adjustments so that all facets of the organization can work cohesively, providing the students the flawless service they ne ed to succeed. Solution Since most of AAI has access to the same databases as well as utilize the same resources to perform their various job functions, it is a safely drawn conclusion that most employees are inept at accessing different technologies on a daily basis. I propose that all of the employees access a form of social networking technology that enables employees and team members to share ideas, suggestions, opinions, and news/updates with those in the AAI â€Å"community†. This site created specifically for this purpose, will pose as a forum divided into applicable sections and accessible to everyone to receive information and updates in real time, instead of waiting for it to be handed down the chain of command. In this idea management database topics such as software and hardware issues, updates, and suggestions can be discussed as well as any organizationally related announcements regarding meetings, open houses, closures, and changes to any program. From each post, employees and team members will be able to vote on each post, elevating its importance (i.e. the more ‘likes’ a post has, it elevates to the top/front of the forum). They will also be able to re post to any smaller sub groups created in the organization. The AAI corporate office as well as group/subgroup leaders will be able to track the usage of the website to determine that all are using it to gather information and as an agreement/acknowledgement of any important policy or procedure changes. AAI  could also provide a discussion feature regarding any new changes, such as commentary on any other social media. Any proposals or changes, lower level employees will be able to communicate with the upper level management in order to ask questions or address any concerns. This feature can provide the communication the organization would need in order to provide proficient service for students. Benefits Aside from the obvious of supplying superior service to the students and parents, this social forum or virtual suggestion/announcement page provides many benefits to the AAI staff and employees. On The Spot Ideas AAI meetings for most of the departments are unintentionally sporadic and have to be spread throughout the footprint and calendar in order to ensure proper coverage for students. By then, team and staff members have to record and remember facets of their job functions that are affected and could be changed. Because not everyone is accessible throughout the organization at all times, it can be hard to utilize AAI’s open door policy. With the forum’s implementation, staff will be able to post questions right away, as it occurs to them. It would be open for other staff members to answer and vote on, to show its importance. This would also give upper level management opportunity to read and respond to any questions straight from the source, as opposed to second hand emails and meeting topics. Lost In Translation Because of the lack of formal information, the organization can suffer from procedural changes being lost in translation. Associates are able to misconstrue and confuse information that is being passed down to them through the chain of command. This game of telephone can lead to providing misinformation to students/parents, misinformed staff members, ebb and flow of communication lines between educational institution and organization, and  overall bad employee morale. When there are several lines of communication between student/parent and AAI, they could get several different answers to one question they may ask. For example, a student requested an application for the online program in Arizona for the next school year. The student then received a letter a week later from the program in Arizona stating they were not participating in an online program for the next school year and provided information on the traditional charter school they offered. Confused, the student called their admissions advisor who was unaware Arizona’s school was not participating next year. It was then that it was revealed that Arizona’s school had backed out of AAI’s virtual program. Had there been a more open communication forum, Arizona would have been able to communicate this to all formally. Ending any confusion that the student was caused. Slow Moving Communication Train It can take days, weeks, or never for certain information to be made available to everyone throughout AAI’s organizational structure. Information would have to be relayed from the state programs, to AAI’s upper level management and further down. Because there are so many cooks in the kitchen, AAI suffers from being able to relay information organization wide on a more time efficient basis. The information may be deemed as irrelevant to certain departments, however, if they were presented with a problem, they may be unable to assist the parent or student properly. Most communication within the organization occurs via email or by phone. With conflicting schedules and time zone’s, it’s very hard to relay information efficiently when dealing with so many people. With the forum, employees will be able to check it every day, all day during their working hours. This constant and consistent flow of communication allows for information readiness and could be referr ed to, before tapping on the shoulder of fellow associates or calling around departments. Business/Technical Approach Implementing this forum would enable the organization to communicate on a highly effective level. This form of information technology will enable  upper level management to put forth different and more effective business practices, allowing for a better rate of return in the organization. With better communication, the organization could run more smoothly. Frit-enz (1997) likens a useful information technology system to that of the body’s circulatory system stating that â€Å"when valid useful information is blocked, the system goes into a form of cardiac arrest† (p. 93). An effective organization needs to absorb and use what information is being presented and decide what is needed in order to make the organization the most successful in the industry. This forum would allow upper level management to actively participate in a collaboration with all employees by sharing resources, information, and making themselves accessible when needed. It is within large corporations and organizations that colleagues and associates become so involved in their own daily job functions, they have no direct relation to what may occur within other departments or areas in the organization. Collaboration and working closer together is one basic necessity of a successful organization and one that seems to fall out of practice with other organizations. It should remain a focus and when other ideas of maintaining that communication fails, a new one should be introduced and put into practice, such as the forum. Business Process Changes Currently, there is a ‘chain of command’ associated with AAI’s communication structure. This would have to be basically removed and replaced. Reason being, AAI would have to use the forum in its entirety, and on a consistent basis, in order for it to become effective and useful. The information technology team in the organization would be in charge of handling the forums structure and functionality. Each department, as it does currently, has a leader in which all information must be relayed and filtered through. From here each department lead will be responsible for providing information on the forum for everyone. Upper level management will be able to determine, via regular virtual or in person meetings, to discuss what topic(s) are applicable to what department. As not everything within the organization is necessary for all departments, these meetings and their consistently are crucial in the development and maintenance of the forum. Other departments  will be required to view and participate in the forum on a regular basis, depending on department determines frequency. From there, each department lead can determine whether or not the participation can determine agreeance/acknowledgement of certain procedural and policy changes as well as could serve as topics for in person meetings or huddles. These changes, although fairly subtle since most communication in the organization is electronic would prove to provide a faster return and feedback on any information presented. Technology/Business Practices Used With the implementation of a social media type forum in AAI, some best business practices will need to be agreed upon and enforced. Current moral and ethics practices and processes can continue to be used. Maintaining professionalism in this seemingly informal form of communication is key. Only professional and proper language will be used and enforced in the forum. Any language and behavior to the contrary will not tolerated and disciplinary action will be enforced. Within the IT team, they will work to monitor the forum’s functionality, and maintain its ability to run efficiently. It’s reliability is allows AAI to â€Å"feel confident in its own capabilities and start assuring the rest of the business of continued service availability and performance† (Addy, 2007 p. 165). The IT team will perform routine maintenance on the forum to ensure its functionality and will be able to access and view feedback as well, adjusting the forum to create and maintain high usability throughout the organization. High Level Implementation Plan In order to properly implement the forum, it’s blue print must first be created. The IT team can create the forum and all functionalities presented, and bring it to the associates and employees who would benefit from its usage the most, being the end users. The end users would then provide the IT team feedback regarding what needs to be added or changed, based on the uses they would need the most. The agile process would make the end users a team who are more focused on the use and ease of accessibility of the forum. From  there, the IT team can take the feedback and create a forum. The end users at that time will perform tests on the system, under the monitor of the IT team, to ensure all of the functionality the end users need is present. Based on the feedback received from the testing phase, the IT team will be able to create and present the forum from there to upper level management, or provide the tweaks needed in order to make it more functional and run more tests. Once it’s put into effect, the forum will start in a probationary time frame to slowly introduce the forum into the daily lives of AAI employees. Another survey will be taken after said probationary period to determine if the forum can be of the utmost use to everyone, or if it works for certain departments only. From there, the forum will be put into play permanently, or if AAI would need to return to the drawing board. Conclusion It is with the introduction of this forum that I feel AAI would earn an immense amount of benefits for all. Everyone would be able to communicate, in real time, effectively. By building this information technology based community, AAI will be able to connect, collaborate, and share resources with all the associates and colleagues they interact with on a daily basis. Allowing for this open flow of communication, according to Cross (2010), will help everyone â€Å"network and build relationships, and then sustaining those connection and conversations in an online community in which a broader audience can participate† (p. 5). In this open door and open door community, AAI can see success grow by leaps and bounds inside and outside the organization. References Addy, R. (2007). Effective IT Service Management : To ITIL and Beyond!. Berlin: Springer. Austin, E., & Pinkleton, B. E. (2000). Strategic Public Relations Management : Planning and Managing Effective Communication Programs. Mahwah, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Cross, R. L. (2010). The Organizational Network Fieldbook : Best Practices, Techniques, and Exercises to Drive Organizational Innovation and Performance. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Fitz-enz, J. (1997). The 8 Practices of Exceptional Companies : How Great Organizations Make the Most of Their Human Assets. New York: AMACOM. Pell, A. R. (1999). The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Managing People. New York, N.Y.: Alpha Books. Tirmizi, S., & Halverson, C. B. (2008). Effective Multicultural Teams : Theory and Practice. [Dordrecht]: Springer. Walton, D. N. (2007). Media Argumentation : Dialectic, Persuasion, and Rhetoric. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. http://www.linkedin.com/company/advanced-academics